High performance hardware architecture for half-pixel accurate H.264 motion estimation

In this paper, we present a high performance and low cost hardware architecture for real-time implementation of half-pel accurate variable block size motion estimation for H.264 / MPEG4 Part 10 video coding. The proposed architecture includes a novel half-pel interpolation hardware that is shared by novel half-pel search hardwares designed for each block size. This half-pel accurate motion estimation hardware is designed to be used as part of a complete H.264 video coding system for portable applications. The proposed architecture is implemented in Verilog HDL. The Verilog RTL code is verified to work at 85 MHz in a Xilinx Virtex II FPGA. The FPGA implementation can process 30 HDTV frames (1280x720) per second

INVESTIGATION OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE, PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT AND ORGANIZATIONAL CYNICISM PERCEPTIONS OF ACADEMICIANS

This research, which aimed to investigate the relationship between organizational justice, perceived organizational support and organizational cynicism perceptions of academicians, was designed with the correlational survey model in the quantitative research pattern. The data of the research were collected with the organizational justice, perceived organizational support and organizational cynicism scales. The research was carried out with 132 academicians who were in-service in the Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University located in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey in 2019. The data of the research were analysed using the frequency, frequency, arithmetic mean, correlation and regression analysis. At the end of the research, it was found that the organizational justice, perceived organizational support of the academicians were at a high level, their organizational cynicism perceptions were at a low level. According to another result reached, there was a negative significant relationship between organizational justice, perceived organizational support perceptions and organizational cynicism perceptions of the academicians. At the end of the regression analysis, it was found that the academicians' organizational justice and perceived organizational support perceptions were a significant predictor of organizational cynicism.  Article visualizations

A High permormance hardware architecture for an sad reuse based hierarchical motion estimation algorithm for H.264 video coding

In this paper, we present a high performance and low cost hardware architecture for real-time implementation of an SAD reuse based hierarchical motion estimation algorithm for H.264 / MPEG4 Part 10 video coding. This hardware is designed to be used as part of a complete H.264 video coding system for portable applications. The proposed architecture is implemented in Verilog HDL. The Verilog RTL code is verified to work at 68 MHz in a Xilinx Virtex II FPGA. The FPGA implementation can process 27 VGA frames (640x480) or 82 CIF frames (352x288) per second

H.264 motion estimator design

Recently, a new international standard for video compression named H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10 is developed. This new standard offers significantly better video compression efficiency than previous international standards. The variable block size motion estimation is the most compute-intensive part of an H.264 video encoder. The full search method is impractical for real-time implementations since it requires a high computational complexity. Therefore, many fast motion estimation algorithms have been developed for real-time implementations. In this thesis, we used an SAD reuse based hierarchical motion estimation algorithm for real-time H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10 video coding. This algorithm uses the Lagrangian cost parameter (SAD+λR) for selecting the best motion vector. We designed a high performance and low cost hardware architecture for real-time implementation of this algorithm. We have considered several alternative designs and decided on this architecture based on a cost/performance analysis. This architecture uses a novel data flow resulting in a low cost and high performance hardware. This hardware is designed to be used as part of a complete H.264 video coding system for portable applications. The proposed architecture is implemented in Verilog HDL. The Verilog RTL code is verified to work at 63 MHz in a Xilinx Virtex II FPGA. The FPGA implementation can process 25 VGA frames (640x480) or 76 CIF frames (352x288) per second

How do Turkish people use the media content of the health issues?

In recent years it has been obviously observed that there has been a huge increase in health news in Turkey. In addition to this increase it’s also observed that there has been an obvious raise in critics about this kind of news. It is also possible to say that academic researches on health publications have limited extent or they are independent from each other in the scope of subject. In this respect, today’s health publications in Turkey are required to have some specific features. According to this, publication content should be examined, and publics’ opinions and perceptions should be determined. In other words, there is a need for increasing social consciousness by determining main principles of health publication. In this regard, the project named “Designation of the Principles on Health Content of the Media in Turkey: An Analysis on Source, Message, and Audience” has been conducted to reveal main principles of health publications and to increase public’s consciousness by describing health publication in today’s Turkey, examining media content and determining public’s perceptions and considerations on these publications. As a part of the project, this paper covers the results of the national survey on the health content of Turkish media. The paper aims to show how people use and how they evaluate the media content on health issues in Turkey. Results show that Turkish people mostly prefer to get information from medical doctors rather than the media. But on the other hand, even though if it’s not the majority, Turkish people implement treatments, visit doctors, hospitals and buy health products that they see on the media.This paper was supported by TÜBİTAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) with the project number 109 K 534, and Anadolu University Scientific Research Projects Commission (SRPC) with the project number 1000 E 38

Opinions of educational principals and teachers working at high schools about the EBA academic support platform (Erzincan province example)

Pandemi döneminde tüm dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de yüz yüze eğitim-öğretim aksamış, bu sebeple gelişen teknolojiler hayatımızın her alanında olduğu gibi eğitim alanında da büyük önem kazanmıştır. Bundan dolayı başarılı bir eğitim-öğretim dönemi geçirmek için yapay zekâ teknolojileri eğitim teknolojilerine entegre edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda EBA Akademik Destek Platformu hizmete sunulmuştur. Lise 11. ve 12. sınıf öğrencilerine yönelik olan platform, üniversite sınavına yönelik eğitim içerikleri ve hedefler sunarak kullanıcılarına rehberlik etmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılının ikinci döneminde faaliyete giren EBA Akademik Destek Platformu’na ilişkin ortaöğretimde görev yapan okul yöneticilerinin ve öğretmenlerin görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma yöntemi olarak nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden “olgu bilim deseni” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Erzincan il merkezinde görev yapan 10 okul yöneticisi ve 20 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu” ile toplanmıştır. Pandemi sürecinden dolayı ve katılımcıların da isteği üzerine, katılımcı görüşleri yazılı olarak ya da online form kullanılarak alınmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların, platform arayüzünü sade ve kullanışlı buldukları görülmüştür. Platformun kullanılması ile okul ve ders bazlı hedef ve stratejilerde bir değişiklik olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Platformdaki öğretmen verilerinin, öğretmenlerin performanslarını değerlendirirken kullanılmadığı fakat sonraki eğitim dönemlerinde kullanılabileceği tespit edilmiştir.In Turkey, in just the same way with the World, face-to-face education has gone wrong during the pandemic, and so improving technology has gained greater importance in the field of education, as in every area of our lives. Therefore, artificial intelligence technologies have been integrated into educational technologies in order to have a successful education period. The EBA Academic Support Network has been put into action. The platform, serving for 11th and 12 th grade students, guides its users by offering educational contents and goals for the university exam. The aim of this research is to examine the opinions of school principals and teachers working in secondary education regarding the EBA Academic Support platform, which started operating in the second semester of the 2019-2020 academic year. As the research method, phenomenology pattern, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The study group of the research consists of 10 school principals and 20 teachers working in the city center of Erzincan. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers. Due to the pandemic process and at the request of the participants, the participant's opinions were taken in writing or using the online form. The data obtained were subjected to content analysis. As a result of the research, participants found the platform interface simple and useful. With the use of the platform, it was determined that there was no change in school and course-based goals and strategies. It has been determined that the teacher data on the platform are not used while evaluating teachers' performances, but can be used in the following education periods

Investigation of effusion cooling flow characteristics in jet engines via PIV method

Efüzyon soğutma tekniği, modern yanma odalarında kullanılan en gelişmiş soğutma teknolojisidir. Bu çalışmada 1/9 ölçekte boyutlandırılmış bir yanma odası cidarında, efüzyon film soğutmanın ana akım üzerine etkileri Parçacık Görüntülemeli Hız Ölçümü (PIV) yöntemi kullanılarak deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla bu çalışmada, ana akım Reynols (Re) sayısı 15000 değerine sabitlenmiş, 2.25 mm delik çaplı efüzyon plakası için, delik açıları 30° ve 45° değişiyor iken, efüzyon plakasından 7 farklı üfleme debisi için testler gerçekleştirilmiş ve soğutma filmi oluşumu incelenmiştir. PIV deneylerinden elde edilen veriler incelenerek, çapraz akışta jet karışımlarında meydana gelen akış haritası çıkarılmıştır ve film oluşma karakteristiği belirlenmiştir. Akış haritası sonuçlarına göre, soğutucu deliklerden düşük debili üflemelerde jetler ana akıma yenik düşmekte, tam tersine yüksek debilerde jetler ana akımla eş baskın özellikte olduğu için, film oluşumu gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca soğutma deliklerinin açılarının artışının film oluşumuna olumsuz etkisi gösterilmiştir.Effusion cooling technology is the most advanced cooling technology used in modern combustion chambers. In this study, the effects of effusion film cooling on the main stream in a 1/9 scaled combustion chamber walls were investigated experimentally using Particle image velocimetry (PIV) method. For this purpose, the main stream Reynolds number (Reynolds number) was fixed to 15000. For the 2.25mm hole diameter effusion plate, the hole angles were changed by 30° and 45°, and for 7 different effusion flow rates, tests were done, and the cooling film formation was examined. By examining the data obtained from the PIV experiments, the flow map in the crossflow jet blends was obtained and the film formation characteristics were determined. According to the results of the flow map, during the low flow rate coolant flow, coolant jets were defeated by the main flow, but instead at high coolant flow rate, coolant jets became dominant and coolant film formation was observed. Furthermore, the increase in the cooling holes angles has been shown to have a negative effect on the cooling film formation.Publisher's Versio

Ultrasound Guided Infraclavicular Block for Pain Control After Upper Extremity Surgery

Background: Opioids added to local anesthetics for peripheral nerve blocks may intensify analgesia and prolong analgesic and sensorial block duration. These agents may also cause potentiation and prolongation of motor block. Objective: This study compared the postoperative effects of 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine +50 mcg fentanyl and 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine + 100 mcg fentanyl solutions for the ultrasound-guided infraclavicular block in patients undergoing elbow and forearm surgery. Methods: In this randomized double-blind study, thirty-six patients with risk of ASA class I-III were randomly allocated into 2 randomized groups. Ultrasound-guided infraclavicular blocks with 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine + 50 mcg fentanyl for group 1 and 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine + 100 mcg fentanyl for group 2 were performed before patients emerged from general anesthesia. After surgery, pain levels at rest and during movement were evaluated using the 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS) at recovery room admission, at the 15th and 30th minutes in the recovery room, and at the 2nd, 6th, 12th and 24th hours postoperatively. Both morphine and rescue analgesic requirements were recorded. Sensorial and motor block durations, patient satisfaction, and complications related to the infraclavicular block were recorded. Results: In both groups, no significant difference in VAS pain scores, total morphine and total rescue analgesic requirements, duration of sensorial and motor block, or patient satisfaction were observed. None of the patients experienced any complications. Conclusion: The mixtures of 0.25% bupivacaine + 50 mcg fentanyl and 0.25% bupivacaine + 100 mcg fentanyl showed similar postoperative effects

Ortaokullarda Görev Yapan Öğretmenlerin Psikolojik Dayanıklılık, Örgütsel Muhalefet ve Örgütsel Sessizlik Algıları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Çalışmanın amacı; öğretmenlerin psikolojik dayanıklılık, örgütsel muhalefet ve örgütsel sessizlik algıları arasındaki ilişki ve bu ilişkinin bazı değişkenlere göre değişip değişmediğinin ortaya konmasıdır. Araştırma ilişkisel (korelasyonel) tarama modelinde olup nicel bir çalışma olarak yapılandırılmıştır. Araştırma evrenini, 2020-2021 Eğitim-Öğretim yılı Erzurum ili Pasinler ilçesinde resmi ortaokullarda görev yapmakta olan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi, evrenden basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 167 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler; Işık (2016) tarafından geliştirilmiş 21 maddeden ve üç alt boyuttan (kendini adama, kontrol ve meydan okuma) oluşan Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği (PDÖ), Kassing tarafından oluşturulan ve Ergün ve Çelik (2018) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan ve faktör analizleri sonucu 17 maddeye indirgenen Örgütsel Muhalefet Ölçeği (ÖMÖ) ile Kahveci ve Demirtaş (2013) tarafından geliştirilen Örgütsel Sessizlik Ölçeğiyle (ÖSÖ) toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Analizlerde T –Testi, Tek Yönlü ANOVA, korelasyon analizi ve regresyon analizi teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre öğretmenlerin psikolojik dayanıklılıklarının orta düzeyde olduğu, genel örgütsel muhalefet ve yatay muhalefet algılarının orta düzeyde olduğu, dikey muhalefet algılarının yüksek düzeyde olduğu, dışa aktarılmış muhalefet algılarının ise düşük düzeyde olduğu, öğretmenlerin örgütsel sessizlik algılarının ise orta düzeyde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen diğer bir sonuca göre öğretmenlerin psikolojik dayanıklılıkları ile dikey muhalefet algıları arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki, dışa aktarılmış muhalefet ile negatif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki, olduğu görülmektedir. Öğretmenlerin genel örgütsel muhalefet algıları, dikey muhalefet algıları ve yatay muhalefet algıları ile örgütsel sessizlik algıları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır

Mineralogy and geochemical properties of İspirtepe (Niğde) carbonaceou's lead-zinc deposits

Orta Toroslar'da yer alan Aladağ Bölgesi, Devoniyen-Alt Kretase zaman aralığında çökelmiştir. Bölgeye, uzun süre tektonizma etkin olmuştur. Bu nedenle bölgede nap yapılı allokton Yahyalı, Siyah Aladağ, Minaretepeler, Çataloturan, Beyaz Aladağ napları ve ofiyolitli melanj istifleri meydana gelmiştir. Aladağ bölgesindeki İspirtepe civarında iki türlü cevherleşmeye rastlanmıştır. Birinci cevherleşme, Minaretepeler istifine ait Üst Triyas yaşlı dolomitik kireç taşları ile Kretase yaşlı ofiyolitik melanj dokanağında gözlenmektedir. Cevher K-G doğrultulu kırıklarda kırık dolgusu şeklinde gözlenir. İkinci cevherleşme ise cevherli fay zonlarının çevresinde bölgeye morenlerle taşınarak gelen sülfitli cevher parçaları şeklindedir. Bu cevher parçaları içerisindeki galenit bloklarının boyları bir metreye kadar ulaşmaktadır. Bölgedeki cevherli örneklerde yapılan cevher mikroskopisi çalışmaları ile mineral parajenezi belirlenmiştir. Birincil cevher minerali olarak galenit, sfalerit, pirit, fahlerz (tetrahedrit), kalkoprit ve bunların dönüşüm ürünü olarak simitsonit, anglezit, serüzit, malahit, götit ve lepidokrokit, gang minerali olarak kalsit, dolomit ve kuvars belirlenmiştir.Aladağ region had precipitated in Devonian Alt Creatse time interval in middle Taurus. This region had been tectonic events along with long durations. Because of it contains nappe structured allocton Yahyalı, Siyah Aladağ, Minaretepler, Çataloturan, Beyaz Aladağ nappes and ophiolitic melange stocks in Aladağ region. Around İspirtepe of Aladag region two types of mineralization had been found. First mineralization is seen in Mineratepe's stocks Upper Trias aged dolomitic limestone and Kretase aged ophiolitic melange intersection. Ore is seen by being fault filling through North and South directed faults. Second mineralization is structured as sulphide ore part which has been carried by morens to the area. The galenite blocks have been about one meter. There is a moren cover an ore blocks in northern part of mineralization in the area. Paragenesis has been found in ored-samples with respect to microscopic ore workings it is found that first ore minerals are galenite, sphalerite, pyrite, fahlerz (tetrahedrite), chalcopyrite and their alterational products which are smithsonite, gotite, malachite, seruzite, anglezite, lepidocrosite, gang mineralization of calsit, dolomite and quartz